Baker County Circuit Court is the 8th Judicial District of Oregon. Baker County's judicial district has one elected judge:
- Matthew B. Shirtcliff, Presiding Judge
The court is located on the second floor of the Baker County Courthouse. The county has had three courthouses, all occupying the same site. The first courthouse was a two-story wooden structure built in 1869. It burned down in early 1885 and was replaced by a brick building in that same year. The current courthouse is a three-story building completed in 1909. It is constructed of a gray volcanic stone quarried a few miles south of town.